SPP1 and cancer: Obviously, high SPP1 levels were significantly related to the dismal prognosis for several type cancers, including LUAD (OS HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1-1.94, Cox P = 0.048), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) (OS HR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.38-3.88, Cox P = 0.0011), HNSC (OS HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.02-1.74, Cox P = 0.035; RFS HR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.51-6.86, Cox P = 0.0014), and LUSC (OS HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.15-2.08, Cox P = 0.0039) (Figures 2B,D,E,G,H).