In addition, the intake of ethanol significantly inhibited the activity and nuclear translocation of the antioxidant element Nrf2 (Figures 5A–D), accompanied by a decrease in its downstream signals levels, such as Nqo1, HO-1, SOD, CAT and GSH (Figures 5E–H), of which the levels of SOD, CAT and GSH were the same as those after OME treatment. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is otitis media with effusion.