ANGPT1 and diabetes mellitus: Additionally, retinal expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 was markedly up-regulated in the LTF group compared with that in the DM group (Ang-1: 0.27 ± 0.05 vs. 0.16 ± 0.07, p < 0.05; Tie-2: 0.48 ± 0.13 vs. 0.23 ± 0.07, p < 0.05, respectively).