SNCA and Parkinson disease: For example, the appearance of neurite swellings marks an early event in neuritic degeneration in Parkinson’s diseased patient-derived neurons (Kouroupi et al., 2017), and dystrophic axons and alterations in axonal transport induced by overexpression of mutant alpha synuclein (p.A53T) in rats are known to precede neuronal loss (Chung et al., 2009).