Upon isolation and injection into immunodeficient mice, LSC positive or negative for CD45RA and/or CD38 were able to induce leukemia, indicating that LSC can also be found in populations that phenotypically resemble more mature cells, such as common myeloid or granulomonocytic progenitors (CMP/GMP) [25,35,39,40]. Here, CD38 is linked to leukemia.