TGF-β ligands consisting of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 are secreted by numerous cell types, including epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells [2,3], and stored in the tumor microenvironment (TME, the environment surrounding the tumor) in an inactive form [4]; activated TGF-β ligands exert their role through an autocrine or paracrine manner [5]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.