APP and Alzheimer disease: In two different mouse models of AD, APP/PS1 mice (APP KM670/671NL (Swedish), PSEN1 L166P) [81] and 5xFAD mice (APPSwFlLon, PSEN1*M146L*L286V) mice [83], tonic release of GABA from hypertrophic astrocytes [81,82,83] located in the vicinity of Aβ plaques was demonstrated.