A large study including over 1100 patients investigated the association between the HLA-KIR polymorphism and KSHV and KS status, finding that, in patients with KIR3DS1 plus HLA-B Bw4-80I, the KSHV seroprevalence was 40% lower, but the KS risk was two-fold higher. The gene discussed is HLA-B; the disease is Kaposi's sarcoma.