A large study including over 1100 patients investigated the association between the HLA-KIR polymorphism and KSHV and KS status, finding that, in patients with KIR3DS1 plus HLA-B Bw4-80I, the KSHV seroprevalence was 40% lower, but the KS risk was two-fold higher. This evidence concerns the gene KIR3DL1 and Kaposi's sarcoma.