GAL and thalassemia: Today, at least in part due to the heavy emphasis on improved education, outreach, and quality across the system, over 90% of newborns are screened for the 29-condition panel consisting of endocrine disorders, amino acid disorders, organic acid disorders, fatty acid oxidation disorders, urea cycle defects, thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies, biotinidase deficiency, GAL, G6PD deficiency, and cystic fibrosis [11].