Severe lung damage is predominantly observed in HTLV-1-associated inflammatory diseases such as HAM/TSP and uveitis due to the presence of high CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes, release of cytokines (i.e., IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ), inflammatory chemokines (i.e., MIP-1α and IP-10), and expression of ICAM-1 in the bronchioalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) [127,186]. Here, ICAM1 is linked to tropical spastic paraparesis.