A history of gestational diabetes in the index pregnancy, estimated blood loss <500 mls at the index CS, the index pregnancy gestation of delivery between 37–38 weeks’ gestation, a birthweight of the index infant of <2.5 kg and an interpregnancy interval of less than one year were all found to statistically significantly increase the odds of sPTB in the subsequent pregnancy. The gene discussed is SPTB; the disease is gestational diabetes.