In rodent models of cerebral ischemia, studies have shown that PARP inhibitors reduce infarct volume, blood-brain barrier permeability, brain edema, spontaneous and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) induced hemorrhagic transformations, inflammatory response, and motor deficit and enhances long-term neuronal survival and neurogenesis [24,25,26]. The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is brain ischemia.