Ghorani et al. (4) and Retch et al. (5) independently examined mutational and clinical outcome data from several thousand patients and, remarkably, concluded that presence or absence of high-affinity MHC-binding neoepitopes in tumors had no correlation with overall survival, progression-free survival, or T cell infiltration in tumors, while the presence of low affinity was powerfully correlated with all clinical endpoints in melanoma and lung cancers (4) and in 27 different tumor types (5). The gene discussed is HLA-C; the disease is lung cancer.