Bertin has recently shown that mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR), the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 gene (SPINK1), and the cationic trypsinogen gene (PRSS1) are associated with both chronic pancreatitis and acute recurrent pancreatitis. The gene discussed is PRSS1; the disease is chronic pancreatitis.