An increase in the cellular receptors intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and decay-accelerating factor (DAF) in response to doxorubicin and the consequently improved infection by the oncolytic Coxsackievirus A21 may explain why the combination of this viral agent with the senescence-inducing agent doxorubicin also resulted in greater tumor reduction compared to either agent alone [142]. Here, ICAM1 is linked to infection.