CXCL8 and viral infectious disease: The bacterium and its associated viral infections can activate NF-κB signaling, resulting in the expression of various pro-inflammatory immune factors like tumor necrotic factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), β-chemokine ligand-2 (CCL-2), neutrophil chemoattractant cysteine-X-cysteine (CXC)-chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8/IL8), CXCL2, and antimicrobial factors like defensin [37], innate lymphoid, and myeloid cells.