The role of PAI-1 in thrombosis is generally known, and elevated PAI-1 levels in tumor tissues correlate with poor prognosis in patients with certain cancers (e.g., esophageal cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma) [23–25]. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINE1 and urothelial carcinoma.