Axonal dysfunction, such as impaired axonal transport in the dystrophic axons and abnormal axonal growth and synaptogenesis, caused by abnormal gene expression or mutations in the Rac-PAK-related signaling pathway, have been observed in patients with schizophrenia, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders (Aston et al., 2005). Here, AKT1 is linked to schizophrenia.