AKT1 and cancer: Major functional signaling pathways attributed for cancer stemness that are experimentally evidenced and are used for therapeutic targeting includes Wnt, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Notch, hedgehog, janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT), PI3K/AKT/mTOR (Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin), transforming growth factor (TGF)/SMAD and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathways (Yang et al., 2020).