LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: For individuals with the obesity risk allele at rs8050136, the expression of RPGRIP1L and FTO in the hypothalamus were decreased due to the low binding affinity of CUX1 P110 to DNA, RPGRIP1L can affect the location of leptin receptors and leptin signaling in neurons and lead to increased food intake and obesity (Stratigopoulos et al., 2011).