Growing evidence supports that NfL levels in blood have shown to reflect the progression of neurodegenerative condition (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis) (63–65), differentiate severities of TBI (66), predict clinical outcome (e.g., functional recovery, return-to-play) after severe TBI and concussion (67, 68), and correlate with subconcussive head impact exposure (24, 26, 32, 33). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is multiple sclerosis.