PRKAA1 and cancer: In contrast, loss of the tumor suppressor folliculin (FLCN) gene, a negative regulator of AMPK, promoted constitutive AMPK activation in cancer cells, leading to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and a ROS-induced HIF transcriptional activity, thereby coupling AMPK-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis to HIF-dependent Warburg metabolic reprogramming46.