LEP and arteriosclerosis: Previous studies have shown that PCSK9 acts as an independent predictor of the computed tomography angiography score, together with age, male sex, statins, interleukin-6, and leptin [26]; furthermore, serum PCSK9 levels have the potential to serve as a prescriptive biomarker for early arteriosclerosis in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes [27].