TGFB1 and peripheral arterial disease: In this cross-sectional study, we found that (1) CLI patients present with a unique transcriptomic profile that is different from IC patients and non-PAD control; (2) fibrosis pathways that highlight TGFβ collagen deposition and VEGF distinguish CLI from IC and non-PAD control using transcriptomic data and IPA; and (3) increased fibrosis could be identified in CLI patients, validating the data we identified from the transcriptomic analysis (Figure 7).