Finally, increased miR-21 expression has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease,27 while Tgf-β is thought to modulate gut mucosal regeneration after injury and immune regulation, thus preserving barrier function.28 In our model, miR-21KO mice were protected from BDL-induced decrease of Tgf-β mRNA levels in small intestine (p = .040) (Figure 2(d)). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and inflammatory bowel disease.