NPTN and diabetes mellitus: These previous reports and our findings indicate that screening assays, such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), to discover small molecules that bind to NPTN and mediate survival and anti-inflammatory effects will lead to a novel therapeutic strategy for a variety of ER stress-related diseases, including diabetes, neurodegeneration, retinal degeneration, and Wolfram syndrome (Abreu and Urano, 2019).