TNF and COVID-19: When COVID-19 rapidly progresses, these immune and inflammatory responses are capable of creating a severe CS and releasing proinflammatory markers such as interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 7 (IL-7), interleukin 10 (IL-10), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1α), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [21, 23].