TNF and Cowden syndrome 1: This exacerbation of the immune system generates CS that is responsible for increased levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, TNF-α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), IP-10, MCP-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1α), suggesting a systemic inflammatory process in critically ill patients.