In ERα−/PR−/HER2+ cells, all individual treatments showed the poorest effects, as it not only significantly stimulated cell proliferation (P ≤ 0.0037, Figure 6C), but also increased CIN from 50% in untreated cells to 68% after treatments (Figure 7 and Supplementary Table S2). Here, ESR1 is linked to cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.