Small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as erlotinib and gefitinib, have been shown to be effective in blocking EGFR activity, especially in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with an in-frame deletion in exon 19 or the single base substitution resulting in an L858R mutation49,50. Here, EGFR is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.