Conversely, in previous reports of in vivo models, PBMCs of dogs infected with L. chagasi and treated with P-MAPA produced higher levels of IFN-γ than untreated animals [5] and high IFN-γ levels were present in urinary bladder neoplastic tissue [9, 10] and ovarian carcinoma of rats treated with P-MAPA [35]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and ovarian carcinoma.