Overall, patients in early-stage HCC (P02, P03, and P05) had a higher proportion of effector CD8+ T cells (CD8_c1), while patients in late-stage HCC (P01, P04, P06, and P07) contained a higher proportion of exhausted CD8+ T cells (CD8_c3) (Supplementary Fig. S7a). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.