Fan et al. analyzed patient-derived esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) tissues for differential expression of PTRH2, AIF, and Bcl2 with respect to patient gender, age, and TNM classification, which assesses ESCC extent based on primary tumor size (T) and metastasis to lymphatics (N) or distant sites (M). Here, AIFM1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.