Examples of routine clinical uses of CRP include (i) assessment of disease activity in inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, psoriatic arthropathy, rheumatic fever, acute pancreatitis, and familial fevers), (ii) diagnosis and management of infections such as bacterial endocarditis and intercurrent infection in lupus and leukemia, and (iii) prediction of future atherothrombotic events, including coronary events, stroke, and progression of peripheral arterial disease (13). This evidence concerns the gene CRP and rheumatic fever.