CCL2 and cancer: CCL2-dependent Signal Transducers and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) activation and the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways have been reported, and CCL2 modulates the expression of EMT-related proteins, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP9, Vimentin, Snail, and E-cadherin in cancer cells [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27].