TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In particular, the increased accumulation of free fatty acids, TG, and TC in mitochondria leads to liver damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which have been demonstrated to play an essential role in the pathopoiesis of NAFLD [36,37].