To study molecular mechanisms of β-cell replication in adult pancreas, several animal models have been developed: acquisition of insulin resistance (El Ouaamari et al., 2016; Terauchi et al., 2007), induction of hyperglycemia (Sharma et al., 2015), pregnancy model (Kim et al., 2010), β-cell ablation (Morita et al., 2016), administration of a glucokinase activator (Nakamura et al., 2009), and partial pancreatectomy (PPTx) model (Peshavaria et al., 2006; Rankin and Kushner, 2009; Togashi et al., 2014). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hyperglycemia.