To activate replication of β-cells, we conducted 50% PPTx on 8-week-old (young) and 52-week-old (old) C57BL/6J mice as described previously (Peshavaria et al., 2006) (Figure 1A) and observed that PPTx induced mild hyperglycemia both in young and old mice, whereas obvious changes were not seen in body weight, glucose tolerance, and insulin secretion (Figures S1A–S1D), in agreement with previous reports (Rankin and Kushner, 2009; Togashi et al., 2014). Here, INS is linked to Hyperglycemia.