NPHS1 and diabetes mellitus: Similarly, while nephrin levels were lower in DM mice (0.5 ± 0.11) as compared with control animals (1.03 ± 0.09), paricalcitol treatment prevented this downregulation (1.26 ± 0.22 and 0.99 ± 0.04, early vs. late treatment, respectively) (Figure 7).