The transfection of lentiviral-TRAF6-shRNA inhibits the expression of TRAF6 in RA-FLS, resulting in decreased proinflammatory cytokines and MMPs such as IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-13, and MMP-3 [116]. Here, TRAF6 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.