On the one hand, FXR inhibits the release of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) and chemokines (CXCL1 and MCP-1) and partially upregulates the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) in the lungs to reduce the inflammatory response of ALI/ARDS. This evidence concerns the gene NR1H4 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.