UBR5 and neoplasm: Although TAMs from both hosts were comparable in their ability to stimulate ID8 tumor migration (Supplementary Fig. 6c–e), TAMs from ID8/Ubr5-/- tumor-bearing mice exhibited weaker T cell proliferation-inhibiting activities than those from ID8/GFP tumor bearing mice (Fig. 4e), suggesting that tumor-derived UBR5 not only affects TAM recruitment to TME in a paracrine manner but also TAMs’ immunosuppressive activity.