In this study, possible involvement of the Sur1-Trpm4 channel in HIV-1 expression and/or HIV-1 Vpr-mediated neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity was tested in postmortem brain tissue from HIV-infected subjects, brain tissues from HIV-1 transgenic 26 (Tg26) mice, and in a human glioblastoma cell line SNB19. Here, ABCC8 is linked to glioblastoma.