In an in vivo study, depression like behaviors induced in rats by submitting to 8 weeks of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) leading to decreased expressions of β-catenin, Bcl-2, GSH, and total antioxidant (TAC) as well as increased expressions of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK-3β), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA levels in hippocampus. Here, TNF is linked to major depressive disorder.