CAMK4 and congenital rubella syndrome: Of the signaling pathways that are activated by l-type calcium current, no changes in CCAT, ERK or CaMKII, and CaMKIV activity were found in animals subjected to CRS; in contrast, we observed increased CaM-NFAT axis activity with the concomitant increment in Fas ligand (FasL) expression, but not with other genes that are known to be regulated by NFAT.