Another mechanism of exosome-induced inflammation in the pathogenesis of melanoma involves the ability of exosomes to stimulate cell proliferation, cell survival, chemotaxis or activate monocytes to release proinflammatory cytokines such as C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCL2, CCL4), IL-6 and IL-10 to induce activation of B cells [102,103] which subsequently promotes deregulated immune functions. Here, CCL2 is linked to melanoma.