Colonoscopy and post-mortem macroscopic examination of the colons revealed significant differences between WT and Hsf1 null genotypes: not only was tumor burden significantly lower in Hsf1 null mice compared to WT (Fig. 2d, e, Supplementary Table 1), but Hsf1 null mice also exhibited significantly reduced inflammation at this time point (Fig. 2f, g, Supplementary Table 1), suggesting that the observed effect of HSF1 on tumor burden may be mediated through stromal effects on inflammation. Here, HSF1 is linked to neoplasm.