In addition to the common expression of PDL1 on most MM plasma cells (PCs) [13], our group recently showed that MM patients with persistent minimal residual disease (MRD) after treatment showed an upregulation of PDL1 in residual PCs, as well as a significant increase in PD1 expression in CD4 and CD8 T cells, suggesting that the activation of this pathway could operate as a relevant immune checkpoint in the tumor microenvironment and could be responsible for the failure to eradicate the residual MM cells [14]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.