It has been reported from a phase II clinical trial that intradermal administration of CpGB and GM‐CSF around the primary tumor excision site triggered the concerted activation of pDCs and cDCs together with the recruitment of BDCA3+ cDC1s in sentinel lymph nodes in a type I IFN‐dependent manner responsible for cross‐priming T‐cell responses.77 Here, CSF2 is linked to neoplasm.