Multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated that the adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] for AF detection significantly increased in MVO group than in non-MVO group, in each model adjusting for age, CHADS2 score after index stroke, congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, large LAD, and high BNP or NT-proBNP (all P < 0.05, Table 2). The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is congestive heart failure.