In addition, SMN2 modulators such as Sodium vanadate, small molecules (LDN-76070 and LDN-75654) and Brucea Javanica extract were originally identified via cell-signaling assays, but they gave insufficient results to be tested in SMA mice (Zhang et al., 2001; Cherry et al., 2013; Baek et al., 2019). The gene discussed is SMN2; the disease is proximal spinal muscular atrophy.