We share the point of view that during viral infection, naked viral dsRNA reaches extracellular milieu following lysis of the infected cells (Matsumoto and Seya, 2008; Pohar et al., 2013; Mielcarska et al., 2018), and TLR3 requires the internalization of RNA for sensing through an endocytic pathway (Tatematsu et al., 2018). The gene discussed is TLR3; the disease is viral infectious disease.